Fan or fan-blower.



I. BENJAMINS.

FAN OR FAN BLOWER.

APPLICATION rum) NOV. 13, 1911.

1,055,308, Patented Mar. 11,1913.

FIG. .1.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

l 13 {or 3 i I L I I /4 1 l I I /7 1 3 I3- N 6 26 I2 T 1 /4 l5 I I8 22 23 2! 2 46 25 a WITNESSES INVENTOR W M M W 131.;WM

I. BENJAMINS.

FAN 0R FAN BLOWER.

APPLIGATION rum) NOV. 13, 1011.

PatentedMar. 11, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

5 mm nto'o Mad/31 M M f UNITED STATES PATENT oF IoE.

ISRAEL BENJAMINS, OF NEW YORK, N.

v To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ISRAEL BENJAMINS, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing in the city of New York, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Fan or Fan-Blower, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in fans or fan blowers used for, moving air into or out of confined spaces, as for exhausting the air from dwellings, factories, etc., or to create a draft for the combustion of fuel on the grates of boilers; in the latter case, it may be employed either in the plenum or vacuum system, 2 e. the air may either be blown under the grates' 'under pressure, or it may be exhausted from the stack or uptake by means of a jet or directly by means of the suction created by the fan. It may also be employed in the arts, as in blast furnaces, and it nay be driven either by belts from a shaft, by gearing, by electric motors, or by a steam turbine, as shown in the drawings. The fan may also be either of the propeller type, moving the air in :a direction parallel or nearly parallel to the shaft or it may be of the centrifugal type.

The objects of my invention are; 1, to increase the efficiency of the fan or blower by a simple and inexpensive construction; 2, to enable the fan to deliver the air against a higher pressure, or to create a greater vacuum in exhausting the air, than is at pres ent feasible withthe known forms of fans or. fan blowers; 3, where a steam turbine is employed for driving the fan, to improve the efficiency of the steam turbine itself, besides the efficiency of the fan. I attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawin s or by similar means within the scope of In 'the drawings the same letters designate the same parts throughout the several views. t

Figure 1 is part of an edge view of the propeller form of fan or fan blower; Fig. 2 is an end view of the centrifugal type of my fan or fan blower which is shown in both figures as driven by a steam turbine consisting of two sets of buckets without guides. Fig. 3 is .part of an end view of the turbine buckets corresponding t-oFig. 1; Fig. 4 is part of an edge view of the steam turbine shown in Fig. 2; Figs. 1 and 3 determine a Specification of Letters Patent.

my invention.

parallel flow steam turbine; Figs. 2 and 4 determine an outward flow steam turbine.

In Fig. 1- 1 represents the blades of a right handed propeller fan or fan blower rotating on or with the shaft 9 in the direction of the arrow; (as shown) 2 represents a left ended propeller fan or fan blower Patented Mar. 11, 1913. Application filed November 13, 1911. Serial No. 660,134.

rotating on or with the shaft 10 in adirection contrary to that of the fan 1; 3 represents the buckets of thesteam turbine disk 5 rotating'with the fan 1 and'driving the same; 4, 1 are the buckets of the steam turbine disk 6 rotating with and driving the fan 2; 7 is the hub or boss of the right handed p'ropeller fan; 8 is the hub or boss of the left handed'propeller fan. N is the steam nozzle delivering a jet of steam to the buckets st of the turbine disk 6, which steam, on being deflected by the said turbine blades 5, impinges upon'the turbineblades 3 and acts on them also. The fan and turbine casing is not shown. Any standard or spe-- cial form of casing may be used.

The operation of this fan isfas follows; A currenbof air being admit-ted to the fan 2 which rotates in a direction as shown by the arrow, the air is given a motion parallel to the shaft, and also a rotary motion in the direction of the arrow; the air, on leaving the fan 2 is encountered by the fan 1, which imparts to it an additional motion parallel to the shaft and in the same direction as that given to it by the fan 2, and in addition to that a rotary motion in a direction contrary to that given to it by the fan 2; the resultant motion of the air in the direction parallel to the shaft will be equal to the sum of the two motions imparted to itv by the two fans, while the resultant rotary motion will be equal to the difference of the two motions imparted to the air by the two fans; and, if the twofans be of equal size and run at equal speeds inopposite directions, ,the air on emerging will have no rotary motion-at all. The efficiency. of the compound fan will evidently be rotary motion from the air; the pressure of the discharged air will also be about double of that-of a single acting fan fora higher on account of the elimination of this given speed, which speed is limited by the centrifugal tension in the material of the fan. The efficiency of the'double disk turbine will also be about twice the efiiciency of a single disk turbine and without .the

The fan blades and turbine buckets may also be of anyusual or special design.

In Fig. 2' 11 represents the vanes of the outer centrifugal fan, 12 are the vanes of the anal-row; 13 are the turbine blades or buck ets of the disk 15' driving the" outer fan,

14 are the blades or buckets of the turbine disk 16 driving the inner fan; 17 is the spider web, 18 the hub and 19 the shaft of either or both of the fans; N is the steam fnozzle. The lower half of Eig. 2 shows only the skeleton or frame of the two fans;

21 is the outer rim. of the outer fan; 22 is the outer rim of the mner fan; 23 is the inner rimof the-outer fan; 24 is the inner rim of the inner fan; 25 are the arms of the outer fan spider, 26 are the arms of the inner fan spider. The operation is as fol- 30 nozzle N to act on theblades 14, the inner fan will turn to the right, imparting to the air a centrifugal motion ,andtension and also a. rotary motion to the right; the steam, on leaving the blades 14, will act on the blades 13 and drive the outer fan to the left. The air, on leaving theinner fan, will be acted on by the outer fan, which will impart-to it an additionalcentrifugallmotion and tension, and also a rotary motion v to the left;'the two-rotary motions given .to the .air inv opposite directions will" neutralize each other as in the case of the ap parat-us shdwn in Fig. 1, The advantages will be the'sameforboth typesof fan or fan blower; as above described.

The frame of either the-inner orouter 'fans may be of anysuitable form; also the spider, shafts and bearings. The .steam turbine shown in Fi 2 is of the outward fiowtypepbut an inward flow turbine will 'workjust' as well, and even a parallel flow turbine, such as'in Fig. 1 may be used.. I

The number of nozzles may be greater than one. Theffans or fan blowers shown in Figs. 1 and 2 may also be driven by electric motors, by'belts or gearing with thesame advantages of-the fan, but, of course, leaving out the special advantages of the turbine. .The connections orfastenings of "the turbines to. the fans are not shown, and

they may be ofany suitable design.

"The blades of the two turbine disks are 765 shown in-Figs. 1 and 2 as of nearly the same or special form of bearings may be used.

inner fan, each rotating in the direction of lows; steam' being admitted through the on the disk which is more remote from the nozzle being larger than those on the disk whlch 1s nearer the steam nozzle; no guides are needed on th s turbine.

two, each alternate disk running in an opposite direction from that of the other alternatedisks, and each disk driving a fan,

The number of turbine disks may also be larger than the alternatefans being'right handed and left handed,.if they are of the propeller type; centrifugal fans driven by these turbine disks are'shown to have a number .of

vanes somewhat larger than usual, each vane being somewhat shorter than usual; this is designed for the purpose of making room for the compound or/ multiple fans within the space assigned for the simple fan.

I do not restrict myself to any particular number of vanes, nor to the relative dimensions of turbines and fans both of which could also be modified inishape and .varied in detail without departing from the main scope of my invention. I do not, however, intend to include in the scope .of my invention any devices used for'dredging or in any of the arts analogous to dredging.

That I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. *In a fan'or fan blower two or more rotaryunits, eachflcomprising a set of vanes and a set of steam-turbine blades, said units being adapted to rotate in opposite directions in alternate order and to propelthe air bined with one or more nozzles adapted to direct a jet or jets-0f steam on to the said blades. s

3'. In a fan or fan blower two or more rotary units, each comprising a set of vanes and I a set of steam turbine'blades, said units being adapted to rotatein opposite directions in alternate order and to propel the air in substantially the same direction, combined with suitable means for supporting said units. and suitable bearings.

4. In a fan or fan blower two or more rotary units carrying each a set of vanes, said rotary units being, driven each by a set of steam turbine'blades. in opposite directions inalternate order and adapted to propel the air in the same direction, combined with a suitable steam nozzle or nozzles adapted to direct a jet or jets of steam on to the nearest of the said sets of steam turbine blades, the

said blades of the first set being adapted to deflect the steam to the blades of the next set of turbine blades running in the opposite direction.

5. In a fan or fan blower two or more units carrying vanes, said units being driven each by a set of steam turbine blades in opposite directions in alternate order, and adapted to propel the air in the same direction combined with a steam nozzle or nozzles directing a jet or jets of steam to the nearest of the said sets of steam turbine blades, the said sets of blades being successively larger from the direction of the said nozzle 0r nozzles outwardly, and each set of said turbine blades nearer the said nozzle or nozzles being adapted to direct the steam acting upon it to the next outward set of turbine blades.

6. In a fan or fan blower two or more rotary units carrying vanes, the said rotary units being driven each by a set of steam turbine blades in opposite directions in a1- ternate order, and adapted to propel the air in substantially the same direction, combined with a suitable steam nozzle or nozzles adapted to direct a jet or jets of steam on to the nearest of the said sets of steam turbine blades, the blades of the first of the said sets being adapted to deflect the steam on to the blades of the next set running in the opposite direction, the said sets of steam turbine blades being successively lar er from the said nozzle or nozzles outward y and the enlargement of the said blades being in a direction substantially at right angles to the direction of the flow of the steam on the said blades.

7. In a fan or fan blower two or more rotary units, each having a set of vanes in sub-.

stantially radial planes and a set of steam turbine blades, said units being adapted to rotate in opposite directionsin alternate order, in substantially the same plane of rotation, and to propel the air in substantially the same direction.

ISRAEL BENJAMINS.

Witnesses MARcUs A. SHERMAN, LEWIS R. LOSAN. 

